EMAIL GLOSSARY

The vocabulary of landing in the inbox

Deliverability has its own language — authentication records, bounce classes, suppression lists, warm-up curves. Here are the terms that actually decide whether your mail arrives, defined plainly and without hand-waving.

Authentication & DNS

The records that prove a message really came from you. mailstein publishes and manages all of them for every domain you add.

SPF

Sender Policy Framework

A DNS TXT record listing which servers are allowed to send mail for your domain. When a receiving server sees a message from your domain, it checks whether the sending IP appears in your SPF record. If it does not, the message looks forged.

Because mailstein sends from your own server and IP, your SPF record points at infrastructure you control — not a shared provider pool.
DKIM

DomainKeys Identified Mail

A cryptographic signature added to every outgoing message, verifiable against a public key published in your DNS. It lets receivers confirm the message body and key headers were not altered in transit and genuinely originated from your domain.

DMARC

Domain-based Message Authentication

A policy record that ties SPF and DKIM together and tells receivers what to do when a message fails both — deliver, quarantine, or reject. It also requests aggregate reports so you can see who is sending under your name.

Gmail and Yahoo now require a valid DMARC policy for bulk senders. mailstein sets one up automatically.
DKIM ALIGNMENT

Identifier alignment

DMARC passes only when the domain in the DKIM signature (or the SPF check) matches the visible From address. A message can carry a valid DKIM signature and still fail DMARC if that signature belongs to a different domain. Alignment closes that gap.

RETURN-PATH

Return-Path (envelope sender)

The hidden address that receives bounce notifications, separate from the visible From address. It is the domain checked by SPF and the destination for delivery failures, which is why it must be a domain you control and monitor.

MX

MX record

Mail Exchange records in DNS that tell the world which servers accept inbound mail for a domain. Sending is governed by SPF, DKIM, and DMARC; MX records govern receiving. You need correct MX entries to catch replies and bounce reports.

Feedback & hygiene

What happens after you press send — and how a healthy sender responds to it. mailstein tracks every one of these events per message.

HARD BOUNCE

Hard bounce

A permanent delivery failure — the address does not exist, or the domain rejects it outright. Hard-bounced addresses should never be retried; continuing to mail them signals poor list hygiene and drags down your reputation.

SOFT BOUNCE

Soft bounce

A temporary failure — a full mailbox, a server briefly unavailable, or greylisting. Soft bounces can be retried on a sensible schedule, but repeated soft bounces to the same address eventually behave like a hard bounce.

COMPLAINT

Spam complaint

Registered when a recipient clicks “report spam.” Mailbox providers share these through feedback loops, and even a low complaint rate — well under one percent — can throttle your delivery. The only cure is relevance and a clear unsubscribe path.

SUPPRESSION

Suppression list

A running record of addresses you must not send to — hard bounces, complainers, and unsubscribes. A good platform enforces it automatically on every send so a bad address can never slip back into a campaign by accident.

mailstein suppresses bounces and complaints for you across both transactional and broadcast mail — one list, every channel.

Reputation & infrastructure

The slower-moving forces that decide your ceiling — and the terms that come up when you own your own sending, the way mailstein does.

DEDICATED IP

Dedicated IP address

A sending IP used only by you, rather than shared with thousands of other senders. Your reputation is entirely your own — no neighbor's bad behavior can taint it, and no one benefits from or damages your standing but you.

On mailstein the IP is genuinely yours: it lives on your server, and its reputation history is yours to keep.
WARM-UP

IP warm-up

The practice of gradually increasing send volume on a fresh IP so mailbox providers build trust instead of flagging a sudden spike as an attack. Skipping it is the most common reason new senders land in spam. mailstein manages the ramp for you.

REPUTATION

Sender reputation

The score mailbox providers assign to your domain and IP based on complaints, bounces, spam-trap hits, and engagement. It is earned slowly and lost quickly, and it is the single strongest predictor of whether you reach the inbox.

TRANSACTIONAL

Transactional email

One-to-one mail triggered by a user action — password resets, receipts, verification codes. It must arrive within seconds and is expected by the recipient, so it carries the highest deliverability stakes of anything you send.

BROADCAST

Broadcast email

One-to-many mail sent to an audience — announcements, newsletters, product updates. It leans harder on reputation and engagement because recipients did not individually trigger it.

mailstein runs transactional and broadcast on one platform, billed per send — never per contact.
SPAM TRAP

Spam trap

An address that exists only to catch senders with poor hygiene — either a never-used address seeded by providers, or an old one recycled into a trap. Hitting one is a strong signal you are mailing a list you did not clean, and it can cost you dearly.

Know the terms? Now own the infrastructure.

SPF, DKIM, and DMARC configured automatically. Dedicated IPs with managed warm-up. Bounce and complaint suppression on every send. Start on the free plan — 50 emails a month, one domain, no card.

Start free